新疆旅游资源的类型、等级及空间分布特征

Type,grade and space distribution features of tourism resources in Xinjiang

在全面掌握新疆旅游资源的实查资料基础上,对全疆旅游资源做系统分类与定量评价,总结其类型、等级和空间分布特征,并从新疆地理环境变迁和多民族、多文化的社会环境两方面分析新疆高品质旅游资源的成因。结果表明:新疆旅游资源类型多样,与全国相比,主类、亚类齐全,基本类型占66.5%;八大类中建筑与设施和地文景观的种类较丰富;建筑与设施类景点最多,水域风光和生物景观次之;新疆旅游资源等级较高,优良级占43.6%,整体为中间大两头小的"谷仓型"结构;高等级集中于凸峰、观光游憩湖区、林地、草地、野生动物栖息地、废城与聚落地、石窟、边境口岸、特色街巷、传统手工产品与制品、民间演艺等类;空间分布呈现为"三带两环状"和六点状集聚特征,这与新疆地貌格局和高品质景点的聚群作用有关;新疆自然旅游资源是整个地理环境演变过程的产物;而多民族、多文化的社会环境是人文类的主要成因。

Based on field survey data of tourism resources in Xinjiang, this paper firstly classify and grade evaluate these resource according to the National Standard. Then summarize the type ,grade and space distribution features of tourism resources in Xinjiang. Besides, discuss the cause of high rank tourism resources in the view of transition in geographical environment and various races and culture in social environment. The results show that tourist re- sources of Xinjiang have not only almost all types, but also many high grade resources. The type structure is that the natural and humanistic tourist resources are of equal attention. The natural tourist resources dominate geographic landscapes ,water scenery and biological landscapes. But the humanistic tourist resources are mainly based on ar- chitectures and facilities. The grade feature appears middle - large granary structure on the whole. The high - grade tourist resources mainly focus on high peak, sightseeing lakes, forestland, grassland, wild animal habitat, waste cities and settlements, caves, border ports, traditional manual products, folk performing and so on The space distribution have two characteristics which are ＂Three Belt And Two Ring＂ and ＂Six Spots Gathering＂. These characteristics are related to the topographical features in Xinjiang and the bunching effect of high rank tourism resources. The natural tourist resources are the product of transition in geographical environment of Xinjiang. The chief cause of the hu- manistic tourist resources is that there are various races and culture in social environment.