不同授粉方式下‘度尾蜜柚’亲和性及其生物学效应

Incompatibility of Citrus grandis ‘Duweimiyou’ and Its Biological Effects by Different Kinds of Pollination

通过3种授粉处理,对‘度尾蜜柚’自交不亲和性及产生的若干生物学效应进行了观察。结果表明:在正常自交的情况下,‘度尾蜜柚’存在不亲和性,大部分果实无籽,随着果实的成熟,果形指数逐步降低,中心柱空心,果顶皮层厚度逐渐变薄,裂瓣大量产生,同时一部分果实顶部裂开,霉菌侵染果肉,失去食用价值;蕾期自交能在一定程度上克服不亲和性,产生少量的种子,能有效防止果实横向和纵向不均衡生长,促进果实中心柱较好地保持实心状态,果顶皮层增厚,从而显著降低了裂果和裂瓣;用‘?溪蜜柚’花粉异交授粉,果实种子数显著增多,果形指数变化较小,中心柱实心,少有裂果和裂瓣发生,但食用品质受到影响。

Three different pollination methods were used to observe the self-compatibility and some biological effects from Citrus grandis ＇ Duweimiyou＇. The results indicated that Citrus grandis ＇ Duweimiyou ＇ showed incompatibility under the condition of normal serf-pollination, and most of the fruits were seedless ; the fruit shape index decreased gradually in fruit ripening, the central column was hollow, the fruit-top peel was gradually thinned, and sac cracking was substantially produced while the peel on fruit top dehisced slowly, and fungi invasion made the flesh lose edible value; Serf-pollination at bud stage could solve the serf-incompat- ibility in a certain extent which produced a few seeds, it effectively prevented fruits from growing disproportion in lateral and longitudinal, it also helped the central column of citrus fruit to maintain the solid state, and en- hanced thickness of the fruit top peel which could significantly decrease fruit and sac cracking; Cross-pollination with Citrus grandis ＇ Guanximiyou＇ , the seed number of Citrus grandis ＇ Duweimiyou＇ increased significantly, the change of fruit shape index was relatively limited, the central column was solid, fruit and sac cracking were less, but the edible quality was affected.