铝氟交互处理对茶树生理特性的影响

Effect of Al and F Interaction on Physiological Characteristics of Tea Plants

通过‘白茶’和‘智仁早茶’在不同铝氟浓度交互处理的水培试验,研究了茶树的根系活力、叶片的游离脯氨酸含量、质膜透性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物岐化酶活性(SOD)。结果表明:(1)低浓度铝(30mg.L-1)能够增强茶树根系活力和SOD活性,降低叶质膜透性以及POD和CAT酶活性;(2)在氟浓度为4和12mg.L-1时,与对照相比,茶叶的酶活性增强,叶质膜透性和根系活力均低于对照;(3)铝氟交互处理中,在低铝低氟-低铝高氟交互过程中,POD、CAT和SOD活性均呈上升趋势,可以推断这个铝氟比例范围增强茶树对活性氧的清除,但低铝高氟处理时,POD和CAT活性均比对照低;高铝低氟浓度下,游离脯氨酸含量、根系活力、POD、CAT和SOD活性均较单铝90mg.L-1处理低,可能铝与氟产生协同作用;高铝高氟浓度下,茶苗的POD、CAT和SOD活性较对照高,且叶质膜透性和根系活力比对照低,表明茶树受到一定伤害。这些结果说明,铝氟交互作用对茶树生理机制的影响显著优于单铝和单氟处理,且其作用存在一定比例范围,两个品种间并不一致。

The physiological responses of tea plants to aluminum （Al） and fluorine （F） interaction stressing were studied, and six physiological indices were investigated in tow varieties Baicha and Zhirenzaoeha at 30 d, including the membrane permeability of leaf cells （MP）, the root system activity （RA）, free proline （Pro） content, the activity of catalase （CAT）, peroxidase （POD） and superoxidedismutase （SOD）. Tea plants was cultured in nutrient solution which contained Al （0, 30, 90 mg·L^-1 ） and/or F （0, 4, 12 mg·L^-1）. The results were summarized as follows： （1） RA in roots and the activity of SOD in leaves were enhanced with 30 mg · L^-1 of A1 alone, but MP and activity of POD and CAT in leaves declined; （2） When the concentration of F alone was 4 mg · L^- 1 and 12 mg·L^-1, enzymes of tea leaves increased and MP and RA in roots decrease compared with control （0 mg· L^-1 Al and 0 mg · L^-1F） ; （3） RA, content of Pro and the activity of POD, CAT and SOD were lower under high Al and low F interaction compared with 90 mg·L^-1 Al alone. Maybe Al and F cooperated with each other during growth of tea plants. When proportion of Al and F were from 30/4 to 30/12, activity of POD, CAT and SOD showed an obvious upward tendency, as was inferred that the range of proportion strengthened the ability of reactive oxygen species （ROS） scavenging. In comparison with control, activity of POD, CAT and SOD of tea plants increased, but MP and RA fell under high Al and high F interaction, indicating that tea olants injured in some degree. Therefore. Al and F interaction has a significant effect on physiological and biochemical characteristics of young tea plants, and the proportion of interaction exist some range. The sensibilities between Baicha and Zhirenzaocha are different resulting from Al and F interaction and order is Zhirenzaocha 〉 Baicha, which is suggested that there may be correlation with variety.