系统功能视角下的水产养殖业可持续发展

On sustainable development of aquaculture:A functional perspective

水产养殖系统具有食物生产、价值增殖和环境维持三大基本功能。目前,国际和国内水产养殖业在功能实现上存在着食物生产功能的弱化、价值增殖功能遇到阻力、环境维持功能遭遇挑战等问题。水产养殖业可持续发展就是要平衡水产养殖系统的基本功能,实现综合效益的最大化,关键是要解决"粮食"生产与价值增殖、环境保护与价值增殖的矛盾。中国水产养殖产业肩负着保障未来全国16亿人口食物安全的重任,即食物生产的任务,同时,该产业的发展还要遵循市场经济规律。因此,水产养殖业的发展离不开政府的引导和支持。

Aquaculture system plays 3 basic functions,viz. food producing,value increasing and environment maintaining, however,aquaculture industry worldwide are being challenged by weakening in food producing,drudging in value increasing and deteriorating in water environment. The key steps for sustainable development of aquaculture industry are balancing the contradictions between food producing and value increasing,and between environment maintaining and value increasing. Chinese aquaculture industry will undertake part of the food security mission of 1.6 billion Chinese people, meanwhile, it will also develop following the market rules. Therefore the development of Chinese aquaculture industry requires support and guide by government. [Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2009,16 （5）： 798-805]