汉语量词辖域的最简研究

The Minimalist Approach to Chinese Quantifier Scope

根据标记性量词理论,汉语量词分为普通量词与标记性量词,标记性量词携带强特征[+Q],该特征属于语义无解特征,需要在推导过程中通过与功能语类QmP核查而删除。本文在最简方案的理论框架下研究了标记性量词的特征、功能语类QmP的性质和汉语主动句的辖域现象。我们认为,[+Q]特征不属于量词的形式特征,其核查与否不会影响句子的可接受性。QmP是为了核查[+Q]特征而特设的一个功能语类,它本身不具备任何语义语音特征,也没有外界传递给它的形式特征。汉语简单主动句只有主语占广域一种释义。

According to the approach of marked quantifiers, Chinese quantifiers can be classified into two categories： common quantifiers and marked quantifiers, the latter bearing the feature [ ＋ Q], which is strong and must be checked off by the functional category QrnP. This paper discusses the feature of marked quantifiers, the properties of functional category QmP and the scope of Chinese active sentences. We argue that the feature [ ＋Q] is not the formal feature of marked quantifiers and the grammaticality of the sentence is not affected whether it is checked off or not. The functional category QmP is proposed to check the feature of marked quantifiers and it does not bear any phonological feature, semantic feature and formal feature transmitted by other categories. Chinese actives sentences have only one interpretation where the subject has scope over the object.