中美新闻报道观的不同表征审析

A Deep Analysis on the Didifferences of Ideas on News-Reportage between China and America

中美新闻报道观念有着显著不同,一个恪守"正面宣传",一个偏爱"负面揭丑"。中美新闻业界学界尽管30年来一直试图在弥合这一实践分殊,但结果依然是各自"唯我独尊"、"我行我素"。从历史元素与思想文化传统的层面来说,正面宣传揭橥了中国近现代新闻发展的逻辑命脉,即"宣传喉舌";负面揭丑耦合了美国奉为圭臬的媒体政治制衡功能体认,即"第四权力"。中美在新闻报道的功能、题材、真实、客观等方面所存在的这一系列迥异观念,源于各自历史与社会实践,并且会随着时代的进步而转化。

Ideas on news-reportage between China and America are very different, one carefully obey＂positive publicity＂, the other is partial to ＂the negative report＂, though having tried to reach a consensus in past thirty years. In view of the history and the traditional culture, the positive publicity matches the logic of journalistic development in China, namely＂publicity mouthpiece＂; the negative exposure matches journalistic experience in America, namely＂the fourth power＂. A series of different ideas on news-reportage ,such as function, topic, reality, objectivity that come from their own social practices, will change with the ages developing.