糖尿病新药应用进展

Novel therapeutic agents for diabetes mellitus

糖尿病的药物治疗目前主要有以下几大类:包括噻唑烷二酮类胰岛素增敏剂、磺脲类、非磺脲类促泌剂、糖苷酶抑制剂、双胍类及胰岛素或胰岛素类似物。随着对糖尿病发病机制的不断深入研究,肠促胰岛素类似物、非噻唑烷二酮类(PPARγ)选择性激动剂以及一些新的分子被认为具有潜在的降糖作用,备受人们关注。本文就目前糖尿病药物的新进展做一论述。

Current therapies of diabetes proven to lowering glucose include metformin, TZDs, sulphanylureas, nateglinide, Repaglinide, acarbose and insulin analogues. Given our better understanding of the beta cell function are slowly emerging. Recently, the gastrointestinal peptide hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 analogues and inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 （DPP-4） have been shown to significantly contribute to glucose homeostasis. Meanwhile, other novel prospect for diabetes such as selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor （PPAR） gamma modulators, inhibitors of sodium glucose cotransporters 2 have been proven to be attractive drug candidates. The therapeutic potential of these molecules are discussed in this review.