生物的界级划分进展

The Advance of Kingdom Classification of Organisms

本文介绍了生物分类技术的进步历程．随着分类技术的进步，生物的界级划分也经历了一系列的发展和完善．１７５３年林奈把生物划分为两个界（植物界、动物界），１９６９年惠特克成立五界系统，１９７７年Ｗｏｅｓｅ提出生命体系应划分为三大界．近几年来分子生物学的证据有力地支持了三大界的划分．作者综观前人的界级划分认为，生命应划分为两总界，包括三个亚总界和九个界．

This paper introduces the history of classificatory technology of organisms. Kingdom classification of organisms has undergone a series of development and perfection with the progress of classificatory technology. Linnaeus classified the organisms into two kingdoms (Plantae, Animalia) in 1753. Wittaker established five kingdoms in 1969. Woese produced that the life should be divided into three domains. The evidences of molecular biology have strongly supported the classification of the three domains in recent years. The author inspects the previous classifications and thinks that organisms should be classified into two superkingdoms which contain three subsuperkingdoms and nine kingdoms.