饮水温度和环境富集对断奶仔猪生产性能及营养素利用的影响

Effects of Drinking Water Temperature and Environmental Enrichment on Performance and Nutrients Utilization in Weaned Piglets

本文采用2×2双因子两水平试验设计探讨了饮水温度(DWT)和环境富集(EE)对断奶仔猪生产性能以及营养素利用的影响。试验选用30日龄断奶仔猪100头,随机分为对照(DWT11-EE)、温水(DWT30-EE)、环境富集(DWT11+EE)、温水+环境富集(DWT30+EE)4组,每组5个重复,每个重复5头(3母+2公),饲养40 d。结果显示:(1)添加富集材料时,30℃饮水组断奶仔猪平均日饮水量比11℃饮水组增加23.4%(P<0.05);温水温度显著降低断奶仔猪料肉比(F/G)(P<0.05)、饮水温度和环境富集对试验猪平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)的交互作用极显著(P<0.01);(2)饮水温水显著提高日粮磷(P)的表观消化率(P<0.05);饮水温度和环境富集对日粮干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙和磷表观吸收量有极显著的交互作用(P<0.01)。由此得出,饮30℃温水可提高断奶仔猪饲料转化效率,增加饮水量;对断奶仔猪,添加环境富集材料时宜饮11℃凉水,不添加环境富集材料时宜饮30℃温水。

One 2× 2 factorial design trial was conducted to determine the effects of drinking water temperature （DWT：11 or 30 ℃ ） and environmental enrichment （EE： no addition or addition） on performance and nutrients utilization in weaned piglets for 40 days. One hundred 30-day-old weaned piglets were randomly divided into control （DWT11-EE）, warm water （DWT30-EE）, EE （DWT11 ＋ EE）, warm water and EE （DWT30 ＋ EE） group, and each group with 5 replicates of 5 pigs （3 boars and 2 gilts）. The results showed that： （1） with EE drinking, 30 ℃ water significantly increased average daily water intake by 23.4% （P〈0.05） ; DWT significantly decreased F/G （P〈0.05） ; DWT and EE had marked interactions on average daily feed intake （ADFI） and average daily gain （ADG） （P〈0.01） ; （2） DWT increased the apparent digestibility of phosphate （P） significantly （P〈0.05）. DWT and EE had significant interactions on the apparent absorptive amount of dry matter （DM）, CP, ether extract, Ca and P （P〈0.01）. It was concluded that drinking 30℃ water increased feed conversion ratio and average daily water intake in the weaned piglets, and that drinking 11 ℃ water was suitable for weaned piglets with EE and drinking 30 ℃ water was suitable for weaned piglets without EE. [Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2009,21（5） ： 640-644 ]