日粮类型及肠液储存条件对鸭空肠液组成与特性的影响

Effects of Dietary Type and Storage Condition of Intestinal Juice on Composition and Character of Jejunal Juice in Ducks

本试验旨在通过研究日粮类型及肠液的体外储存条件对鸭空肠液组成的影响,为人工鸭小肠液的制备提供参考。试验一探讨日粮类型对鸭空肠液组成的影响,采用完全随机设计,将36只安装有空肠T型套管的成年公鸭随机分成2组,每组6个重复,每个重复3只鸭,分别饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮和玉米-豆粕-菜粕-棉粕型日粮,试验期35 d。试验二利用2×3(2个储存温度:-20和-70℃,3个储存时间:30、60和90 d)完全随机设计,研究鸭空肠液有效生物学活性的适宜储存条件。结果表明,2种日粮条件下鸭空肠液在胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶的活性及Mg^(2+)和Cl^-浓度上有显著差异(P<0.05),而在淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性,K^+、Na^+和Ca^(2+)浓度及pH上无显著影响(P>0.05)。肠液的储存温度对鸭空肠液的pH有显著影响(P<0.05),而对消化酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。肠液的储存时间对玉米-豆粕-菜粕-棉粕型日粮条件下鸭空肠液胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性以及2种日粮条件下空肠液pH有显著或极显著影响(P<0.05或P<0.01)。由此可见,日粮类型是影响鸭空肠液生物学特性的主要因素之一,储存条件对鸭空肠液生物学特性的影响因日粮类型的不同而有所差异。

Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of dietary type and in vitro storage conditions on the composition and character of jejunal juice in ducks. In experiment 1, a completely random design was used to study the effects of dietary type on the composition and character of jejunal juice in ducks. Thirty-six male adult ducks fitted with a T-cannula in the jejunum were randomly assigned to 2 groups with 6 replicates each and 3 ducks in each replicate, and fed corn-soybean meal diet and corn-soybean meal-rapeseed meal-cottonseed meal diet, respectively. The trial lasted for 35 days. In experiment 2, a 2 × 3 completely random design of two kinds of storage temperature （ - 20 and - 70 ℃ ） and three storage periods （30, 60 and 90 d） was conducted to study the appropriate in vitro storage conditions of jejunal juice. Results showed that dietary type diets significantly affected the activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin and the concentrations of Mg^2＋ and Cl^- of jejunal juices （P〈0.05）. But the activities of amylase and lipase, the concentrations of K^＋ , Na^2＋ and Ca^2＋ , pH were not significantly different in two treatments （P〉0.05）. The storage temperature could significantly affect the pH （P 〈0.05）, but could not significantly affect （P〉0.05） the digestive enzyme activity of jejunal juice. The storage time could significantly affect the pH of jejunal juices in these two groups, and the activities of trypsin and amylase of jejunal juice in ducks fed cornsoybean meal-rapeseed meal-cottonseed meal diet （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. In conclusion, dietary type was one of the important factors which could affect the biological characters of jejunal juice in ducks, and effects of storage conditions on the biological characters of jejunal juice could be dependent on the dietary type. [Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2009,21 （5）： 652-658 ]