日粮能量水平对6～10周龄扬州鹅生产性能与脂肪沉积的影响

Effects of Dietary Energy Levels on Performance and Fat Deposition of Yangzhou Goslings from 6 to 10 Weeks of Age

本研究旨在探讨日粮能量水平对6～10周龄扬州鹅生产性能和脂肪沉积的影响。选用35日龄、体重相近的扬州鹅200只,随机分成4组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只,公母各1/2。Ⅰ～Ⅳ组日粮能量水平分别为10.11、11.19、12.37和13.45 MJ/kg,试验期35 d。结果表明:(1)Ⅱ组的平均日采食量显著高于Ⅳ组,Ⅲ和Ⅳ组的料重比显著低于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.05);(2)Ⅳ组的屠宰率和腿脂率显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ和Ⅳ组的腹脂率极显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.01);(3)日粮能量水平对血清总胆固醇、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、尿酸、葡萄糖、碱性磷酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶无显著影响(P>0.05),Ⅲ组的血清高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),而极低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯显著低于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组的血清总蛋白和白蛋白显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。由此可知,高能量日粮显著提高6～10周龄扬州鹅的屠宰率、腹脂率和腿脂率,降低采食量和料重比。但是,腹脂率过高(5.4%)将导致饲料成本增加。因此,建议6～10周龄扬州鹅日粮的适宜能量水平为12.37 MJ/kg。

This trial was conducted to study the effects of dietary energy levels on performance and fat deposition of Yangzhou goslings from 6 to 10 weeks of age. Two hundred 35-day-old Yangzhou goslings with similar body weight were divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates in each group, and each replicate had 10 goslings with half female and half male. Diets of group I - IV with different energy levels （10.11, 11.19, 12.37 and 13.45 MJ/kg） were fed for 35 d. The results were as follows： 1） average daily feed intake of goslings in group II was significantly higher than that in group IV （P〈0.05）, and the feed/gain of goslings in group III and IV were significantly lower than that in group I and II （P〈0.05）; 2） dressing percentage and leg fat percentage of goslings in group IV were significantly higher than those in group I （P〈0.05）, and percentages of abdominal fat in group III and IV were significantly higher than those in group I （P〈0.01） ; 3） No significant differences were found in serum total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, uric acid, glucose, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase among 4 groups during the feeding trial （P〉0.05）, and high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein of goslings in group In were significantly higher than those in group II , however, triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein of goslings in serum were significantly lower than those in group II （P〈0.05）, and serum total protein and albumin of goslings in group III were significantly lower than those in group I （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, the high-energy diet could improve the dressing percentage, abdominal fat percentage and leg fat percentage, and reduce the average daily feed intake and feed/gain. However, the high percentage of abdominal fat （5.4%） would result in the increase of feed cost. It was suggested that the optimal energy requirement was 12.37 MJ/kg, which could provide a scientific basis for the most appropriate feeding of Yangzhou goslings from 6 to 10 weeks of age. [Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2009,21 （5） ：659-664 ]