缓释复合酸化剂对艾维茵白羽肉鸡消化道酸度、免疫指标及鸡舍氨浓度的影响

Effects of Slow-release Compound Acidifiers on Gastrointestinal pH and Immune Index of Avine Broilers and Ammonia Concentration in Chicken House

本研究考察了在玉米-豆粕型基础日粮中添加缓释复合酸化剂对肉鸡生产性能、胃肠道酸度、肠道微生物菌群、免疫器官指数、血清免疫指标及鸡舍氨气浓度的影响。试验选用1日龄、平均体重(20.25±0.30)g的艾维茵白羽肉鸡480羽,按单因素试验设计原则分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复20羽鸡(公母各占1/2),肉鸡分别饲养于2个完全相同的平养舍内,试验时间为49 d。结果表明,缓释复合酸化剂可以极显著降低肉鸡胃肠道pH(P<0.01);显著提高肉鸡日增重和降低料重比(P<0.05),但对日采食量的影响不显著(P>0.05);极显著提高肉鸡空肠和盲肠中乳酸杆菌数量、降低盲肠中大肠杆菌数量(P<0.01);显著或极显著提高胸腺和脾脏指数(P<0.05或P<0.01),显著提高21日龄法氏囊指数(P<0.05),但在42和49日龄对法氏囊指数无影响(P>0.05);显著或极显著提高血清白蛋白、球蛋白含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),显著降低白蛋白与球蛋白的比值(P<0.05);缓释复合酸化剂还可以极显著降低鸡舍氨浓度(P<0.01)。结果提示,在肉鸡日粮中添加缓释复合酸化剂,可以通过降低肉鸡消化道pH、改善肠道微生态环境,提高肉鸡的免疫力而促进肉鸡生长,并降低鸡合氨浓度。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of the addition of microencapsulated and non-microencapsulated compound acidifiers in dietary based on corn-soybean meal on gastrointestinal pH, growth performance, intestinal microflora, relative weight of immune organs and serum biochemical indexes of Avine broilers and ammonia concentration in chicken house. Four hundred and eighty one-day-old, healthy Avine broilers with an average body weight of （20.25 ± 0.30） g were randomly assigned to four treatments with six replicates in each treatment and twenty broilers （half male and half female） in each replicate in two chicken houses according to single-factor design principle. The feeding trial lasted for 49 days. The results showed that the microencapsulated compound acidifiers： significantly decreased the gastrointestinal pH （P〈0.01）, significantly increased the average daily gain （ADG） and decreased the ratio of feed to gain （P〈0.05）, but there was no effect on average daily feed intake （P〉0.05） ; significantly increased the amount of Lactobacillus in jejunum and cecum and decreased the amount of E. coli in cecum （P〈0.01）; significantly increased the relative weight of thymus and spleen （P〈 0.01 or P〈0.05）, and significantly increased bursa relative weight of broilers at 21 days of age （P〈0.05）, but there was no effect on bursa relative weight of broilers at 42 and 49 days of age （P〉0.05） ; significantly increased the content of albumin and globulin and decreased the ratio of albumin to globulin in serum in broilers （P〈0.05）, and decreased the ammonia concentration in chicken house （P〈0. 01）. These results indicated that the microencapsulated compound acidifiers improved the intestinal micro-ecological environment by reducing the gastrointestinal pH, thus enhanced the immunity, and improved the growth performance of broilers and reduced the ammonia concentration in chicken house as well. [Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2009,21 （5） ： 747-754 ]