新自由主义两种模式的比较——评罗尔斯和诺齐克之争

Comparison of Two Modes of Neo-liberalism——Comments on John Rawls and Robert Nozick's Controversy

文章选取新自由主义现代派和保守派中两个典型代表人物罗尔斯和诺齐克,对他们的新自由主义思想进行比较。二者区别在于:一是在理论基础上,前者立意于"新契约论",后者则主张"反契约论";二是在正义问题上,前者主张"正义意味着平等",后者则认为"正义在于权利";三是在自由和平等的关系问题上,前者秉承古典自由主义的观点,认为自由和平等是一致的,后者则认为自由和平等不能兼有,二者存在着深刻的矛盾。二者的共性在于:它们都是西方资本主义意识形态的产物,从根本上说,乃是同一主题和同一本质的两种理论模式。

The article selects two typical representatives of neo - hberal modernists and conservatives who are John Rawls and Robert Nozick, and whose neo- liberal ideas are compared. Difference between the two is： First, on its theoretical foundation, the former bases on the ＂New Contract＂ , and the latter stands for ＂anti - theory of contract＂ ; Second, on the issue of justice, the former advocates ＂justice means equality＂, and the latter believes in ＂justice is the right＂; Third, on the relationship be- tween freedom and equality, the former adheres to the classical liberal view that freedom and equality are the same, while the lat- ter believes that freedom and equality not only can not be beth, but also there is a profound contradiction between the two. Com- monality between the two is ： They are a product of western capitalist ideology. Fundamentally speaking, two kinds of theoretical models have the same subject and the same nature of neo - liberalism.