1999-2008年浙江省东阳市农民工新生儿破伤风流行特征及其危险因素调查

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of neonatal tetanus among the offspring of migrant workers in Dongyang,Zhejiang

目的了解1999-2008年浙江省东阳市农民工新生儿破伤风(neonatal tetanus,NT)流行病学特征及其危险因素。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对1999-2008年NT专报系统的监测资料和个案调查材料进行统计分析。结果东阳市1999-2008年共报告NT124例,全年各月均有病例发生,5-10月高发,主要发病为5～9日龄。患儿男性多于女性,男女性别比为2.18:1。病例主要集中在乡镇企业发达、流动人口聚集的吴宁、江北、白云街道和横店镇等地。患儿以在家中分娩,由未经培训的丈夫及"接生婆"助产为主,患儿母亲未接受破伤风疫苗(tetanus,vaccine,TV)接种者占90.32%,结论农民工非住院分娩,不清洁接生是发生NT的主要危险因素,卫生知识缺乏,免疫预防意识差是NT发病的另一个重要因素。

Objective To determine the epidemiological characters of and risk factors for neonatal tetanus（NT） among the offspring of migrant workers in Dongyang from 1999 to 2008.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed based on the surveillance data and case investigation materials derived from the NT specific report system in Dongyang from 1999 to 2008.Results A total of 124 cases of NT were reported in the city.The cases were present in each month,though peaks were seen from May to October.Newborns of five to nine days were primarily affected,male infants more than female ones,with the sex ratio of 2.18∶1.The cases were mainly distributed in developed towns where floating population concentrated,such as Wuning,Jiangbei,Baiyun,and Hengdian.The infants,being delivered at home by untrained husbands/midwife,were predominant.The proportion of the unvaccinated mothers accounted for 90.32%.Conclusion Non-hospitalized and unclean delivery,as well as lack of health knowledge and poor awareness of immunization,constituted the major risk factors leading to neonatal tetanus.