发动机燃用生物柴油的常规和非常规排放特性

Regulated and Non-Regulated Emission Characteristics of an Engine Fuelled with Bio-Diesel

以轿车用直喷式柴油机为试验样机,分别燃用餐饮废油制生物柴油和石化柴油的5种不同掺混比例的混合燃油,研究了常规排放物和非常规排放物的排放特性。结果表明:加入生物柴油后,发动机烟度、HC和CO的排放量随生物柴油掺混比例的升高而降低;NOx排放量随生物柴油掺混比例的增加而增加,燃用B5、B10、B20油的NOx增幅在4%以内;非常规排放物中醛类排放随生物柴油掺混比例增加的幅度较大,B0和B5的醛类排放极低;SO2排放随生物柴油配比的增加呈下降趋势,其中纯生物柴油的SO2排放量极低,不超过2×10-6。从整个生命周期来看,燃用生物柴油可以明显降低轿车柴油机的CO2排放量。

The emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with bio-diesel were investigated. A turbo direct injection diesel engine for passenger cars was chosen as the test sample, and 5 bio-diesel blends with different mixing ratio were used. The regulated emissions such as smoke density, NOx, HC, CO and the non-regulated emissions, such as aldehydes, SO2, CO2 were measured. The results show that smoke density, HC and CO emission decrease when the engine is fuelled with bio-diesel fuel blends, and these emissions decrease with the increase of the bio-diesel proportion in fuel blends; but the NOx emission increases with the increase of the bio-diesel proportion and its increment is within 4 % when using B5, B10, B20 fuel. For the non-regulated emissions, the aldehydes emission significantly increases with the increase of bio-diesel proportion except the B0 fuel and B5 fuel; when the engine is fuelled with bio-diesel, SO2 becomes lower and the SO2 emission decreases to less than 2 × 10^-6 when using B100 Fuel, CO2 emission of the diesel car engine can be evidently reduced by using bio-diesel.