旅游业循环经济:发展观、伦理观与产业范式

ON THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY:DEVELOPMENT VIEW,ETHIC VIEW AND INDUSTRIAL PARADIGM

分析旅游业实施循环经济的理论与时代背景。将我国传统旅游经济归纳为资源中心发展观、产品中心发展观和顾客中心发展观等传统范式阶段,并主张以循环生态发展观来扬弃传统的人类中心型的发展方式。从环境观、资源观、社会观、科技观等层次对旅游业循环经济的伦理观进行了阐述。提出旅游业循环经济包括单体企业层次、企业群落层次、旅游业产业群落层次和国民经济的大生产群落层次等四个结构层次,总结了旅游六要素的循环经济运作观。最后,对比分析了传统旅游经济与循环型旅游经济的范式结构,提出旅游循环经济的实现还存在技术、观念和利益机制的障碍。

It is the basic requirements for tourism industry to implement circular economy. This paper analyzes the theory and times background of implementing circular economy in tourism industry and probes into the development view of tourism circular economy model. Our countries tourism economy has experienced three traditional stages, and all these development stages are based on the human centralism. Tourism circular economy stand for that the traditional economy based on human centralism should be replaced with recycling ecological development view, which embody four directions： the ecology of landscape＇s attraction, the ecology of tourism motivation of tourists, the ecology of operation of tourism enterprises, the ecology of operation of tourism industry. This paper probes into the ethic view at the angle of four levels, namely, environment view, resources view, society view and technology view, discusses four construction levels, namely, the enterprise level, the enterprise clustering level, the industry clustering level in tourism industry and the national economy level as well as the realizing path of circular economy. Based on this, this paper analyzes contrastively the traditional tourism economy and circular tourism economy, and thinks that there are still many difficulties and obstacles we need to jointly overcome. There are still many difficulties and obstacles we need to overcome： tourism enterprise has no clearly understanding about the types and directions of technological transformation of circular economy; we have no deep understanding about the benefits relations among the Stakeholders in tourism recycle economy; the tourism industry has no clearly thought about the essence, application direction and management strategy of circular economy.