论古代史学的丰富遗产

The Varied Historical Heritage in the Chinese Ancient History

中国古代史学由于悠久的史官制度和私人修史的自觉意识,积累了丰富的史学遗产。留存于今的浩瀚史籍不仅数量举世无双,而且具有多样性体裁、连续性记载和不断进步发展的创新性特征。古代史家和思想家对历史运动变化的形式、方向,历史运动的动因,以及对历史编纂工作、史学功用的认识等,有深刻、独到的思想。古代史学在长期的发展过程中还形成了直书实录、以史为鉴、重视自身修养和著史敬业等优良传统。

Owing to the century-old system of the official historiography and the self-consciousness non-official historiographers, there remains a varied historical heritage in Chinese Ancient History. There has a pool of historical books that outnumber other histories and possess characteristics including styles-variety, record-continuity and progressive innovation. Ancient historians and ideas in the fields of the direction, the forms, and the causa- tion of historical changes, the compilation of history and the functions of history. Furthermore, there have also formed the excellent traditions in the long process of development of Chinese ancient history, such as the factualism of historiography, lesson-taking from the history, self-cultivation and devotion in the historical composing.