20世纪初美国大企业支持工伤赔偿法的动因及其效果

The Causes and Results of Big Business Supporting Workmen's Compensation at the Beginning of the 20th Century in U.S.

19世纪末20世纪初,美国大企业在工伤赔偿问题上陷入困境:一方面是普通法原则下的工伤赔偿已愈来愈对企业界不利;另一方面是企业现有的自愿赔偿计划难以解决企业面临的工伤赔偿问题。针对这种情况,明智的大企业雇主选择与联邦政府及改革者合作,通过支持工伤赔偿立法来改变自己的处境。结果证明,工伤赔偿法的通过不但缓解了工人的处境,同时,企业利益在新颁布的工伤赔偿法中也得到了最大程度的体现。

Big Business was in a tight corner at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century in America for two the first one was that workmen＇s compensation in Common Law increasingly went against the development of the big business, the other one was that Voluntary compensation in some big businesses couldn＇t resolve the difficulties they faced. On this condition, the wise businessmen chose to cooperate with the reformers and the government to change their situation by approving the Workmen＇s Compensation. It resulted that the workers＇ condition got better than before and the Big Business also benefited a lot form the new laws.