麦克米伦政府与第二次柏林危机的缓和(1958—1960)

Macmillan Government and the Detente of the Second Berlin Crisis

第二次柏林危机爆发之后,英国从自身利益出发主张用和平谈判的方式解决危机,反对法国和联邦德国的对苏强硬立场,更反对美国"有限使用武力"的军事应急方案。麦克米伦的访苏之行,为东西方间的缓和创造了条件,开启了会议谈判的大门。在麦克米伦政府的斡旋之下,美、英、法、苏日内瓦外长会议得以召开,四大国首脑会议亦纳入日程,对柏林危机的缓和起到了重要作用。

After the eruption of the Second Berlin Crisis, Britain advocated peaceful negotiations to resolve the crisis in virtue of its own interest, which opposed France and West Germany＇s hard-line stance for the Soviet Unions, and even more opposed U.S. military emergency plan that involved the limited use of force. Macmillan＇s visit to the Soviet Union created conditions for the detente between East and West and opened the door to negotiations. Under the Macmillan Government＇ s mediation, the Geneva Foreign Ministers＇ Conference of the United States, Britain, France and the Soviet Unions was held, and the Paris Summit Conference was also included in the agenda.The policy played an important role in the detente of the Second Berlin Crisis.