单克隆抗体在疾病治疗中的应用

The use of monoclonal antibodies in disease therapy

单克隆抗体（单抗）技术与分子生物学技术的结合使重组嵌合抗体、人源化抗体和全人抗体的技术得到迅速发展。由于这些单抗带有人抗体的Fc片段，因此，这些抗体不仅能中和抗原，更重要的是能介导细胞毒作用和激活补体系统。这些抗体已被用于治疗某些疾病，如癌症、免疫性疾病、感染性疾病和器官移植排斥。随着大规模CHO细胞生产工艺的发展，越来越多的单抗将应用于临床。

Combination of the technologies of the monoclonal antibody and molecular biology leads to rapid development of the techniques of chimeric antibody, humanized antibody and full human antibody. Because of having Fc region from human IgG, these antibodies can not only neutralize antigen, but also, most importantly, mediate ADCC and activate complement system. Monoclonal antibodies have been used in the treatment of some diseases, such as cancer, immune disease, infectious disease and organ transplant rejection. With the development of CHO cell culture process on a larger scale, more and more monoclonal antibodies will be in the clinical application.