知识扩散路径、吸收能力与区域中小企业创新——基于浙江省3个传统制造业集群的实证分析

Knowledge diffusion path,absorptive capacity,and regional SMEs' innovation

龙头企业的知识扩散对区域创新的带动效果及其作用路径是产业集群研究的重要议题,同时也是实践界关注的重要领域。已有研究认为,龙头企业知识扩散的创新带动效果受到扩散路径与中小企业吸收能力的影响,其中扩散路径通常被划分为基于非正式交流和基于协作关系两种。根据浙江省3个产业集群内的156家中小企业的调查数据,本文的实证研究发现,龙头企业知识扩散对本地中小企业的创新带动作用存在一个重要的条件,即知识扩散路径与中小企业吸收能力应当形成匹配。企业吸收能力弱时,龙头企业知识通过非正式交流进行扩散能够实现有效的创新带动。企业吸收能力强时,龙头企业知识通过协作关系进行扩散能够实现有效的创新带动。

The impact of regional leading firms＇ knowledge diffusion on the innovation of local Small and Medium-sized Enterprises（SMEs） is one of the most important topics for both academic and practical researchers.A quite amount of research has introduced that leading firms＇ knowledge diffusion path and SMEs＇ absorptive capacity are significant to the effectiveness of leading firms＇ knowledge diffusion on SMEs＇ innovation.And there are two knowledge diffusion paths,one is the informal communication between a leading firm and a SME,the other is the collaboration relationship between them.With the survey data of 156 SMEs from 3 industrial clusters of Zhejiang,it is found that there is an important condition for the effectiveness of leading firms＇ knowledge diffusion on local SMEs＇ innovation.That is to say,weather or not leading firms＇ knowledge diffusion has a driving effect on SMEs＇ innovation depends on the matching of the knowledge diffusion path and the absorptive capacity of SME.SMEs that possess low absorptive capacity should communicate informally with leading firms to innovate,while SMEs with high absorptive capacity should collaborate with leading firms to promote its innovation.