论中国少数民族戏剧的特征

On the Characteristics of Minorities' Dramas in China

尽管中国各个少数民族的戏剧形态都有着自己鲜明的个性,但诸民族在中华民族大家庭中共同生活的背景,使得少数民族戏剧在长期的文化交流中形成了共同的特征,即为:呈现出鲜明的宗教色彩,演剧成了一种宗教活动;在从戏剧胚胎发育成比较成熟的舞台艺术的过程中,依托于本民族和周边民族的民间说唱与舞蹈;因服从于祭祀祈禳仪式的要求,对演出的时空没有限制的意识,并将观众裹卷进戏剧设定的情境中一起进行演出;自觉地以汉族戏剧为模仿的对象,吸收了汉族戏剧的形式与内容的因子。

Although the theatrical forms of China＇s minorities dramas have their own distinct characters, the background of various minorities living together as in one big family has made China＇s minorities＇ dramas form a common feature in the long-term cultural exchanges.China＇s minorities＇ dramas are showing distinct religious color, the performance has become some kind of religious activities~ In the process of the theatrical embryo developing into a relatively mature stage art, they had drawn useful elements from the folk story-singing and dancing. Because of obeying the requirements of the ceremony of sacrifice and invocation, China＇s minorities＇ dramas don＇t have restrictions on space or time.The audience may participate in the theatrical situation and perform together with the actors. China＇s minorities＇ dramas consciously make Han drama as their goal for imitation and absorb the element of Han drama＇s form and content.