新型有机二硫化物电池正极材料的研究进展

Progress of the Organodisulfides Cathodic Materials of Lithium Secondary Batteries

综述了有机二硫化物正极材料的发展过程。有机二硫化物可以用作锂二次电池的正极活性材料，在充电过程中，－ＳＨ氧化而生成Ｓ－Ｓ作为储能官能团；在放电过程中，Ｓ－Ｓ断裂还原成－ＳＨ，完成化学能向电能的转化。有机二硫化物正极活性材料具有非常高的比能量，但必须在高温下工作。用聚苯胺与有机二硫化物复合，形成新的复合正极活性材料，在常温下即获得良好的性能，以０．１ｍＡ／ｃｍ２的电流密度放电，正极的比能量达到６００Ｗｈ／ｋｇ以上。其中，聚苯胺不仅作为活性材料，而且起到电化学催化剂的作用。

The present paper traces the development of the organodisulfides cathodic materials of lithium secondary batteries in past several years. The mechanism and characterization of Li/organodisulfides cell were discussed in details including their advantages and shortcomings. Organodisulfides are of electrochemical interest due to the chemical reversibility of S-S oxidation and reduction reactions. These cathodic materials have very high energy density. However, the redox processes of organodisulfides are quite slow and must be catalyzed in order to find practical application at room temperature. Recent work shows strong enhancement of the electrode kinetics for DMcT employing polyaniline. Cells using PAn/DMcT composite as cathodic materials exhibite the energy density of over 600 Wh/kg-cathode.