实时信息下除雪车辆优化调度分析

Optimization of Snow Emergency Vehicle Scheduling under Real-time Information

降雪严重影响城市道路交通系统的正常运行,除冰雪已经成为城市冬季道路养护工作的一项重要任务。城市道路网络复杂,合理的除雪车辆调度方案仅仅依靠人工经验无法实现。考虑冬季道路养护中的服务水平、车队规模等约束条件,建立了实习信息下除雪车辆优化调度的整数规划模型。该问题属于一个NP-完全问题,因此设计了构造启发式算法对模型近似求解。算例结果表明,该算法能够求解一定车队规模的除雪车辆调度问题,能够提高冬季道路养护的水平,为实际应用奠定了基础。

Snow seriously impacted the normal operation of urban transport system, so snow and ice removal was an important task in winter road maintenance. A reasonable snow emergency vehicle scheduling could not be achieved based on personal experience because of the complexity of urban road network. An integer programming model of the snow emergency vehicle scheduling is established which considered the realistic constraints such as the fleet size and the level of service. Because the problem was a NP-complete problem, a construction heuristic algorithm was designed to solve the model. The numerical example shows that the algorithm can solve the model which has a certain fleet size. It can increase the level of winter road maintenance and lay a foundation for practical applications.