气调指标对库尔勒香梨果实贮藏质量的影响

Effects of Controlled Atmosphere Index on the Fruit Quality of Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd during Storage

[目的]探讨保持库尔勒香梨贮藏质量的气调贮藏条件。[方法]挑选大小一致、无病虫害、无机械伤的库尔勒香梨为试材,设置9个具有不同气体体积分数的气调处理(4%O2+2%CO2、5%O2+2%CO2、6%O2+2%CO2、4%O2+3%CO2、5%O2+3%CO2、6%O2+3%CO2、4%O2+4%CO2、5%O2+4%CO2、6%O2+4%CO2)和1个对照处理(21%O2+0%CO2),研究-1℃条件下,各处理对库尔勒香梨果实硬度、可滴定酸、呼吸强度、果皮叶绿素含量、果实维生素C含量及果肉组织中相对电导率的影响。[结果]适当降低O2浓度可以减缓库尔勒香梨果实硬度和可滴定酸含量的下降、降低果实的呼吸强度、延缓果皮叶绿素和果实维生素C的降解、抑制果肉组织中相对电导率的上升。适宜的贮藏参数是:气体成分为5%O2+4%CO2和4%O2+3%CO2,贮藏温度为-1℃;相对湿度为90%～95%。[结论]适当降低O2浓度对保持库尔勒香梨的贮藏质量比较有利。

[ Objective ] The study aimed to discuss the controlled atmosphere storage condition that could keep the fruit quality of Pyrus bretschneideri rehd during storage. [ Method] P. bretsehneideri with consistent size and without disease-insect and machine harm were selected as the tested materials. 9 controlled atmosphere treatments with different gas composition eonen. （4% O2 ＋ 2% CO2 , 5% O2 ＋ 2% CO2,6% O2 ＋2%CO2,4%O2 ＋3%CO2, 5% O2 ＋3%CO2, 6% O2 ＋3%CO2, 4% O2 ＋4%CO2, 5% O2 ＋4%CO2, 6% O2 ＋4%CO2） and one CK （ 21% O2 ＋ 0% CO2 ） were set up to study their effects on the fruit firmness, titratable acid, respiration intensity, chlorophyll content in peel and Vc content in fruit, relative electrical conductivity in the flesh of P. bretschneideri fruit under the condition of low temperature of - 1 ℃. [ Result ] The suitable low-cohen, of O2 could alleviate the reduction of firmness and titratable acid, decrease the respiratory intensity of fruit, stay the degradation of chlorophyll content in peel and Vc content in fruit and restrain the rising of the relative electrical conductivity in the flesh of P. bretschneideri fruit. The appropriate storage parameters were follows： gas compositions of 5% O2 ＋ 4% CO2 and 4% O2 ＋ 3% CO2 storage temperature of - 1 ℃ and relative humidity of 90% -95%. [ Conclusion ] Appropriately decreasing O2 cohen, was more favorable for keeping the fruit quality of P. bretschneideri during storage.