20种菊科植物不同器官的化感活性研究

Study on Allelopathic Activities of Different Organs of 20 Species of Compositae Plants

[目的]测定20种菊科植物不同器官对受体植物生菜的化感活性。[方法]采用琼脂混粉法。[结果]在10g/L的粉末添加浓度下,所有的供试植物器官粉末均对受体植物生菜幼苗的生长产生了不同程度的抑制作用,且对胚根生长的抑制明显高于对胚轴生长的抑制。其中,1年蓬和小刺儿菜的叶、花、根和茎,向日葵、抱茎苦荬菜、苍耳和醴肠的叶,艾蒿、苣荬菜、野塘蒿、泥胡菜、苦苣菜和万寿菊的花,细叶鸭葱的根、叶和花,艾蒿和苣荬菜的茎,以及苦菜的叶、茎和花等器官粉末对生菜胚根的生长具有较高的抑制活性;1年蓬的叶和花,小飞蓬和泥胡菜的花,向日葵的叶,小刺儿菜的根以及艾蒿的茎和花等器官对胚轴的生长也具有较高的抑制活性。[结论]20种菊科植物部分器官具有高化感活性。

[ Objective ] The research aimed to determine the allelopathic activities of different organs of 20 species composite plants on lettuce seedlings. [ Method] Method of grinded plant tissue powder mixed with agar （PPA） was used. [ Result] The growth of lettuce seedlings were remarkably inhibited by the powers of all plant organs, the inhibitory rates on growth of radicles were higher than that on hypocotyls at 10 g/ L concentration. Among all the plant organs, the leaves, flowers, roots and shoots of Erigeron annuus （ L. ） Pers. and Cirsium segetum Bge. , the leaves of Helianthus annuus, Ixeris sonchifolia Hance, Xanthium sibiricum Patrin. and Eclipta prostrata L. , the flowers of Artemisia argyi Levi. et Vant. , Sonchus brachyotus DC. , Conyza bonariensis （ L. ） Cronq. , Hemistepta lyrata Bge. , Sonchus oleraceus L. and Tagetes erecta, the roots, leaves and flowers of Scorzonera albicaulis Bge. , the shoots of Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant. and Sonchus brachyotus DC. , and the leaves, shoots and flowers of lxeris chinensis （ Thunb. ） Nakai on the radicles gorwth, and the leaves and flowers of Erigeron annuus （ L. ） Pers. , the flowers of Conyza canadensis （ L. ） Cronq. and Hemistepta lyrata Bge. , the leaves of Helianthus annuus, the roots of Cirsium segetum Bge. , and the shoots and flowers of Artemisia argyi Levi. et Vant. on the hypocotyls growth showed more obvious inhibition. [ Conclusion] The results showed that some organs in 20 species of plants had high allelopathic activities.