梨小食心虫在蟠桃园的危害和发生动态初探

Preliminary Study on the Damage and Occurrence Dynamic of Grapholitha molesta in Flat Peach Garden

[目的]探索梨小食心虫在蟠桃园的发生规律及其习性。[方法]以梨小食心虫为供试材料,观察其在蟠桃园的危害症状、危害部位、发生规律及其习性。[结果]梨小食心虫在石河子地区1年发生4代,越冬代幼虫出蛰期不整齐,造成成虫羽化期不一致,世代重叠现象严重,特别是第2代与第3代、第3代与第4代,各代间没有明显的界限。梨小食心虫主要以幼虫蛀食为害,因此其防治适期应在卵高峰至幼虫孵化高峰期,也可将防治重点放到第1代幼虫上,可有效降低后3代和越冬虫口基数。应用性诱剂也是防治梨小食心虫的一种有效方法。[结论]该研究为梨小食心虫的科学防治提供了理论依据。

[ Objective ] The aim was to explore the occurrence law and behavior of Grapholitha molesta in fiat peach garden. [ Method ] With G. molesta as tested material, the damage symptom and position, occurrence law and behavior of G. molesta in fiat peach garden were observed. [ Result] G. molesta occurred 4 generations in 1 year in Shihezi area. The beginning of hibernation period of overwintering larvae was irregular, which resulted in different emergence period of G. molesta adults. The phenomenon of overlapping generations was serious, especially between 2nd generation and 3rd generation and between 3rd generation and 4th generation. There was no obvious boundary among generations. Fruit borers was taken as the main damage for G. molesta larvae, so its optimum control period was at the time of egg hatching peak to larvae hatching peak. The emphasis control could be put on 1 st larvae, which could decrease the initial population number of last 3 generations and overwintering generations. The sex attractant was also an effective method for controlling G. molesta. [ Conclusion] The research provided the theoretical basis for scientific control of G. molesta.