美洲黑杨物候性状变异研究

Study on the Variance of Phenological Characters of Populus deltoides

[目的]分析美洲黑杨物候性状之间的相关性。[方法]采用完全随机区组设计,通过将物候观测记录量化并绘图研究了美洲黑杨物候性状的变异及其相关性。[结果]对于所有植株,开花、萌芽和落叶的极差分别为18、18和31d,平均日期分别为12、16和22d。萌芽最早的14个A类无性系有12个属于开花早的第一类无性系。开花早的60个第一类无性系中有39个是雄性无性系,占总数的65%;落叶早的12个无性系中有7个已知其性别,有4个是雄性无性系,占总数的57.14%。生长期较长的是78、63等家系,生长期较短的是93、94等家系。萌芽与生长期的相关系数为0.87027,开花与生长期及萌芽的相关系数分别为0.79251和0.69486,开花与落叶的相关系数为-0.05107。[结论]该研究为美洲黑杨的杂交育种及引种推广提供了可靠的理论依据。

[ Objective ] The study aimed to analyze the correlation among phenological characters of Populus deltoides. [ Method ] The complete randomized block design was adopted and the variance of phenological characters of P. deltoides and their correlation were studied through quantifying phenological observation data and graphing. [ Result ] For all the plants, the ranges of flowering, germinating and defoliation were 18, 18 and 31 d resp. and their average periods were 12, 16 and 22 d resp. Among the 14 clones germinating earliest in class A, there were 12 clones in the first class flowering early. Among the 60 clones flowering early in the first class, there were 39 male clones, accounting for 65% in total number. Among the 12 clones defoliating early, there were 7 clones with known gender and 4 of them were male clones, accounting for 57.14% in total number. The families such as 78 and 63 had longer growth period and the families such as 93 and 94 had shorter growth period. The correlation coefficient between germination and growth period was 0.870 27 ; that between flowering and growth period and germination were 0.792 51 and 0.694 86 resp. and that between flowering and defoliation was - 0.051 07. [ Conclusion ] The study supplied reliable theoretical basis for the crossbreeding, introduction and popularization of P. deltoides.