草地生态系统土壤有机碳库对人为干扰和全球变化的响应研究进展

Advance in Responses of Soil Organic Carbon Pool of Grassland Ecosystem to Human Effects and Global Changes

草地土壤碳库碳储量及其变化与调控机制是草地碳循环研究的核心。草地生态系统正经受着越来越严重的人为与自然因素干扰,如土地利用变化、大气氮沉降增加、施肥及大气CO2浓度与温度升高。因此,加强人为干扰和全球变化背景下草地土壤有机碳库的响应研究有重要意义。总结了放牧、草地开垦及外来氮素输入等3种主要的人类活动对土壤有机碳总量和活性碳组分的影响及其对全球变化的响应与适应,在此基础上指出了目前草地生态系统土壤有机碳库研究的薄弱环节及今后的重点研究领域。

The stocks and its change mechanism of soil carbon pool in grassland are the core of grassland eco- system carbon cycle research. Grassland are undergoing serious disturbance, such as land-use change, nitrogen in- put （nitrogen decomposition and fertilization）, elevated CO2 and global warming. Strengthening the research in re- sponses of grass soil organic carbon pool to the disturbance is of great importance. Here we reviewed the effects of grazing, grassland cultivation, and external nitrogen input on soil organic carbon pool including soil active carbon fraction and their responses to global change. The main research directions in this field in the future were also suggested.