大学生职业选择与内隐职业声望偏好

COLLEGE STUDENTS' CAREER CHOICE AND IMPLICIT OCCUPATION-PRESTIGE PREFERENCE

通过理想职业抱负的问卷,考察了全国东部、中部及西部地区共10个省市(北京、上海、辽宁、广东、湖北、江西、贵州、山西、四川、宁夏回族自治区)的大学生职业选择的现状;同时采用内隐联想测验(IAT),对大学生内隐职业声望的态度进行了研究。结果表明:(1)大学生选择"企业家"、"教师"等职业的人数要显著地高于选择"工人"、"农民"等职业的人数,他们更倾向于选择社会声望高的职业;(2)大学生倾向于选择与自己的性别类型相符的职业,相比之下,女生表现出更多的反职业性别刻板,而男生则表现出更明显的职业性别刻板;(3)不同地域的大学生对职业的选择存在显著差异;(4)大学生对不同社会声望的职业存在显著的内隐偏好。

Using the questionnaire of idealistic occupational aspiration to study college students＇ career choice by investigating ten different provinces （Beijing, Shanghai, Liaoning, Guangdong, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Shanxi, Sichuan,Ningxia） , and then the present study investigated college students＇ implicit occupation-prestige preference by the Implicit Association Test （IAT） . The results showed that （1） The number of college students who choice ＂enterpriser＂ and ＂teacher＂ was more than the ones who choice ＂worker＂ and ＂farmer＂ significantly, they preferred to choose high prestige occupation; （2） College students preferred to choose the occupation which accorded with their sex-type. But the sex-type of occupation confined schoolboy more than schoolgirl, the schoolgirl who pre- ferred to choose the man type career exhibited more counter-stereotypic than schoolboy who preferred to choose the woman type career; （3） The college students from different areas had significantly difference in career choice; （4） The college students existed implicit preference to different prestige occupation.