栽培方式对粳型巨胚稻结实期剑叶一些生理特性的影响

Effects of Cultivation Modes on Some Physiological Characteristics of Flag Leaf on Japonica Giant Embryo Rice during Grain Setting Stage

[目的]探索有利于巨胚稻剑叶生长的合理栽培方式。[方法]以常规粳型巨胚稻品种西巨胚1号为试料,以当地推广的常规优质粳稻品种合系22-2为对照,采用淹水、旱种和垄畦3种方式进行栽培,研究不同栽培方式对粳型巨胚稻结实期剑叶一些生理特性的影响。[结果]3种栽培方式中,垄畦栽培方式下水稻结实期剑叶的叶绿素含量较高,叶片衰老缓慢,该栽培方式有利于剑叶渗透调节物质可溶性糖的主动积累和保护性酶SOD酶活性的提高,增强细胞保水能力,维持细胞正常的代谢;旱种栽培方式下水稻剑叶叶绿素含量低,衰老快,渗透调节物质和保护性酶的变化水平对水分胁迫极为敏感。[结论]在生产上建议采用垄畦栽培方式更有利于巨胚稻的剑叶生长。

[Objective] The study aimed to explore the rational cultivation mode that was in favor of the growth of flag leaf in Japonica giant embryo rice. [ Method] With the conventional Japonica giant embryo rice variety Xijupei 1 as the tested material and the conventional and good Japonica rice variety Hexi 22-2 as CK, they were planted with 3 cultivation modes of submerged irrigation, dry cultivation and ridge cultivation to study the effects of different cultivation modes on some physiology characteristics of flag leaf in Japonica giant embryo rice during grain setting stage. [ Result] Among 3 cultivation modes, the ridge cultivation made high chlorophyll content in flag leaf of rice during the grain setting stage and the slow senescence of flag leaf, promoted the initiative accumulation of osmotic adjustment substance in flag leaf and enhanced the protective enzyme SOD activities in leaf and water keeping ability of cell, so as to maintain the natural metabolism of cell. The dry, cultivation made low chlorophyll content and early senescence of flag leaf, and its changes of the osmotic adjustment substance and the activity of protective enzyme were sensitive to water stress. [ Conclusion] In the production, it was suggested that using the ridge cuhivation was in favor of the growth of flag leaf in Japonica giant embryo rice.