离子液体应用于电合成导电聚合物

Ionic Liquids for the Electrosyntheses of Conducting Polymers

自20世纪70年代导电聚合物发现以来,聚吡咯、聚苯胺、聚噻吩、聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)、聚对苯及其衍生物等,以其特殊的电子、电化学、光学性质以及巨大应用潜力受到广泛关注。离子液体是一类在室温或接近室温时呈液态的离子化合物,作为一类环境友好的新型绿色溶剂,具有很多独特的物理化学性质。本文综述了离子液体作为反应介质、支持电解质、测试介质以及离子液体参与形成的聚集体,在导电聚合物的电化学合成以及电化学性质测试中的研究进展,并展望了发展趋势。

Since the discovery of conducting polymers in 1970s, they have attracted much attention due to their novel electronic, electrochemical and optical properties, as well as their promising applications. Typical examples are polypyrrole （PPy）, polyaniline （PANI）, polythiophene （PTh）, poly（3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene） （PEDOT）, and poly （p-phenylene） （PPP）. Ionic liquids （ILs）, a class of organic molten electrolytes at or near ambient temperature, are novel environmentally benign ＂green solvents＂ and have remarkable physicochemical properties. This paper reviews the research progress of ionic liquids for the electrosyntheses of conducting polymers, including the use of ionic liquids as growth media or supporting electrolytes to electrosynthesize and test the electrochemical behaviors of conducting polymers, and the use of the aggregations composed of ionic liquids （e. g. ionic liquid microemulsions） as novel electrolytes. The trend for future research is also prospected.