对南方省市大规模发展速生桉种植的思考

Thinking on Large-scale Development of Fast-growing Eucalyptus in Southern Provinces

文章就目前国内南方省市大规模推广种植速生桉所引发的系列问题开展研究,从了解速生桉的生物学特征和经济性状入手,调查国内速生桉种植的情况,试图找到解决经济发展和环境保护之间矛盾的方法。速生桉的推广种植可以充分利用闲置土地,改善生态环境,有效缓解国内木材紧缺的局面,同时促进经济增长,增加就业岗位。但规模发展到一定程度时带来大批毁林,破坏生物多样性和水土恶化,引发自然灾害、树种单一,诱发大规模病虫害等系列问题引起了人们的重视。本文认为科学规划,坚持适地适树原则、合理搭配混交造林,增加生物多样性和提高经营管理水平,维护生态平衡,党政管理部门应加大对发展速生桉种植和相关产业的监管力度,提高国民环保意识,才能确保资源和环境的可持续发展。

A series of questions that caused by the current large-scale development of fast-growing Eucalyptus in southern provinces and cities of China were studied in this article. Starting from the biological characteristics and economic traits of fast-growing Eucalyptus, the domestic plant situation of fast-growing Eucalyptus was investigated, in order to find ways to resolve the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection. Development of fast-growing Eucalyptus can take full use of idle land, improve the ecological environment, effectively alleviate the shortage of domestic timber situation, and simultaneously promote economic growth, increase employment opportunities. But the scale developed to a certain extent brought about a large number of deforestation, destruction of biodiversity, water and soil deterioration, induced natural disasters, single tree species, large-scale posts and diseases, etc. series of questions attracted the attention of public. It should plan scientifically, adhere to the principle of right tree for right place, reasonable mixed with reforestation, increase biodiversity and improve the management level, maintain the balance of ecology. The government and party committees should strengthen supervision on development of fast-growing Eucalyptus and related industry, improve the national awareness of environmental protection in order to ensure the sustainable development of resources and environment.