内燃机余热甲醇催化重整制氢装置设计及实验研究

Apparatus Design and Experimental Study of Methanol Steam Catalytic Reforming for H_2 Production Using Engine Exhaust Heat

氢气随车携带不便,为了能在线产生富氢气体供给内燃机燃烧,并大幅度提高内燃机的热效率,降低排放,降低热、噪声的污染,提出应用内燃机尾气余热对甲醇进行催化重整以产生氢气的方法.设计了一套内燃机余热甲醇催化重整制氢装置,在内燃机排气余热和催化剂的共同作用下,把甲醇水溶液重整成富氢气体.重整反应器为蜂窝陶瓷载体,重整催化剂为Cu/Zn/Al/Zr,采用管式换热器对载体进行加热,甲醇水溶液在载体孔道中发生催化重整反应.实验结果表明:随着发动机排气温度的增加,重整器产氢率提高,在排气温度为350℃时,重整气中氢气的体积分数达到41.9%.达到了实验预期要求.

In order to solve the problem of carrying H2 on vehicle, this papper proposes a new method to produce H2 on board by using energy of engine exhaust heat to support methanol steam reforming. The engine thermal efficiency can be largely improved and engine pollutants, thermal and noise emissions can be further reduced by the mixed combustion of fuel and the hydrogen-rich reformed gas inducted into the cylinders produced by this method. In this paper an apparatus was designed to produce hydrogen-rich gas by methanol steam catalytic reforming using engine exhaust heat. The reformed reactor was basd on a porous ceramic substrate using Cu/Zn/AI/Zr as reforming catalysts and a tube-type heat exchanger to heat the ceramic reactor to accomplish the reforming reaction of methanol/water solution in the ceramic pores. The engine test showed that hydrogen volume fraction in the reformed gas increased with the engine exhaust temperature and reached a maximum of 41.9% at the exhaust temperature of 350 ℃