冶金生产流程的元素流对其资源效率的影响

Influence of Element-flow in Metallurgy Manufacturing Process on Its Resource Efficiency

为定量评价生产流程的资源效率,分析了不同元素的流动规律以及这种流动规律对该流程资源效率的影响,提出了衡量冶金生产过程中矿石等天然资源节约程度的重要指标——元素资源效率,给出了生产流程的基准元素流图,分析了偏离基准元素流图的各股元素流对资源效率的影响,以及流程的资源效率与工序的资源效率之间的关系.以某钢厂年均生产数据为例,分析了生产流程的铁流对铁资源效率的影响.结果表明:由外界向中间工序输入回收资源,可提高流程资源效率;流程向外界排放废物,可降低流程资源效率;物料在某工序内部,或在上、下游工序之间循环,不影响流程资源效率,但使流程的能耗和成本增加.

In order to quantitatively evaluate resource efficiency, this paper analyzed the law of element-flow in metallurgy manufacturing process and the influence of different element-flows on element resource efficiency, and put forward the definition of element resource efficiency for defining the saving degree of natural resources in metallurgy manufacturing process. A standard element-flow diagram of metallurgy manufacturing process was given. The influence of element-flow deviated in various ways from standard element-flow diagram on element resource efficiency was analyzed. The relationship between element resource efficiency of metallurgy manufacturing process and of its unit process was discussed. By using the data of a steel plant, the influence of iron-flow in steel manufacturing process on its iron resource efficiency was analyzed as an example. The result shows that the input of secondary resources to any unit process of a manufacturing process from surrounding increases the resource efficiency of the manufacturing process; the output of unqualified and other waste product from any unit process to surrounding decreases the resource efficiency of the manufacturing process; and the recycling of material within a unit process or from a unit process to its upper-stream unit process will not influence the resource efficiency of the manufacturing process, but will increase the energy intensity and the cost of final product.