HiHiLo和LoHi对提高现代五项运动员运动能力的比较研究

Comparative Studies on Improving Performance of Players of Modern Pentathlon by HiHiLo and LoHi

研究目的:通过观察现代五项运动员4周HiHiLo低氧训练对血象指标及最大摄氧量的影响,探讨HiHiLo低氧训练提高运动员有氧运动能力的效果,为其确定低氧训练提供指导。对象和方法:将10名江苏省现代五项运动员随机分成HiHiLo组和LoHi组。HiHiLo组每晚居住于15.4%O2浓度低氧环境10 h,白天除照常训练外,每周进行3次低氧运动(15.4%O2氧浓度环境下,以80%VO2max强度蹬30 min功率自行车,RPM为60转/min)。LoHi组居住于常氧环境,其他与HiHiLo组相同。测定低氧训练前后最大摄氧量(VO2max)、PWC170及实验期间每周血象指标(RBC、Hct、Hb)。结果:4周的低氧训练后,HiHiLo组期间RBC、Hct、Hb明显升高(P<0.05),且在第4周出现高峰值,LoHi组血象指标变化不明显。同时HiHiLo组VO2max、PWC170分别提高了4%和11%,而LoHi组只增加了2%和5%。结论:HiHiLo低氧训练能明显改善现代五项运动员有氧运动能力。

Aims ： Compared the effects of HiHiLo （ living high - exercise high - training low） and LoHi （ Living low - exercise high） on hematological parameters and aerobic ability. Methods： The subjects were 10 elite modern pentathlon players who were divided into HiHiLo group and LoHi group. Process ： the HiHiLo group exposed to hypoxic condition （ 15. 402% ） 10 hrs every day for 4 - wk, and exercised on an ergometer bike at 80% VO2max under the same condition three times every week, and trained in normoxic condition. The LoHi group did not live in hypoxic condition, and the other schedules were the same with the group of HiHiLo. Results： The findings demonstrated that RBC, Hb, Hct significantly increased after HiHiLo （P 〈 0. 05）, and the peak value of RBC, Hct, Hb general appeared in the third week to fourth week of hypoxic training. Those did not change significantly after LoHi. The changes in VO2max, PWC170 were not different significance between HiHiLo and Lo- Hi, but the VO2max, and PWC170 increased by 4%, 11% in HiHiLo, only by 2% and 5% in LoHi separately. Conclusion： Areobic ability of modern pentathlon players significantly improved after HiHiLo.