廊坊市地下水位下降漏斗的气象成因分析

Analysis on Meteorological Contributing Factors of Groundwater Drawdown Funnel in Langfang

由于人类社会生产生活过程中过度开采地下水引发了地下水降落漏斗,加之全球气候变暖,大面积干旱等极端天气气候事件频繁发生,使得水资源短缺已成为制约经济社会可持续发展的重要因素。研究气象干旱对地下水降落漏斗演化过程的影响将为提出防御地下水降落漏斗的进一步发展提供充分的科学依据。通过对廊坊市地下水漏斗发展演化过程与逐年降水的相关分析,揭示了地下水降落漏斗的气象干旱响应模式,即气象干旱促使人类过度开采地下水资源,从而进一步加剧水文干旱、地下水降落漏斗及地面沉降灾害。同时,提出了合理开采地下水、提倡中水回用、推广节水灌溉等对策。

Shortage of water resources is an important constraint factor for the nation＇s economic and social sustainable development because of over-exploitation groundwater and extreme weather and climate events such as global warming and large--scale drought. The influence of researching meteorological drought on evolution process of groundwater drawdown funnel provides scientific basis of preventing groundwater drawdown funnel development. The article is based on analysis of relationship between evolvement process of groundwater funnel development and annual precipitation and shows a response model of groundwater drawdown funnel to meteorological drought. That is to say, the meteorological drought promotes groundwater over- exploitation, then it contributed to the hydrologic drought, groundwater drawdown funnel and land subsidence. At last, it puts forward some countermeasures for rational exploitation of groundwater, reusing of the reclaimed water, irrigation of water saving.