自然植被净第一性生产力模型及其应用

NPP MODEL OF NATURAL VEGETATION AND ITS APPLICATION IN CHINA

本文利用中国１２５组天然成熟林森林资料及Ｅｆｉｍｏｖａ在ＩＢＰ期间获得的世界各地的２３组森林、草地及荒漠等自然植被资料及相应的气候资料对目前流行的气候生产潜力模型：Ｍｉａｍｉ模型、ＴｈｏｒｎｔｈｗａｉｔｅＭｅｍｏｒｉａｌ模型、Ｃｈｉｋｕｇｏ模型、综合模型及北京模型的适用性进行了研究，结果表明：Ｃｈｉｋｕｇｏ模型、北京模型与综合模型都能较好地反应森林净第一性生产力（ＮＰＰ）状况，但对于干旱半干旱地区，北京模型与综合模型能较好地反应自然植被的ＮＰＰ，而Ｃｈｉｋｕｇｏ模型的计算值偏小；同时，根据综合模型对中国自然植被ＮＰＰ的分布及其对气候变化的反应进行了研究，指出中国自然植被ＮＰＰ的分布趋势是东南沿海最高，依次向西北内陆递减，直至西北沙漠荒漠区最低；在全球增温条件下，自然植被ＮＰＰ均有所增加，在湿润地区增加幅度较大，而在干旱及半干旱地区增加幅度较小。研究还表明，限制我国自然植被ＮＰＰ的主要原因在于水分供应不足。

Comparison of NPP model of natural vegetation among Miami model,Thornthwaite Memorial model,Chikugo model,Synthetic model and Beijing model has been done based on 125 sets of natural mature forest NPP data in China and 23 sets of NPP of natural vegetation obtained during IBP by Efimova, including forest, grassland and desert. The result shows that Chikugo model,Synthetic model and Beijing model can simulate NPP of natural forest,however,the two latter can simulate NPP of natural vegetation better in semiarid and arid areas than the former. The distribution of NPP of natural vegetation in China and its response to global warming are also presented in this paper. The NPP of natural vegetation in China increases from northwest to southeast, and will increase in different degrees under global climate change. The NPP of natural vegetation will increase more in moist area, and less in semiarid and arid areas. The limitation factor of NPP is the shortage of water.