双稠哌啶类生物碱分子结构与杀线活性间关系

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND NEMATICIDAL ACTIVITY OF QUINOLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS

使用培养基法和棉球法测定了苦豆碱、野靛碱、甲基野靛碱、苦参碱对松材线虫的杀线活性。两种生测方法测得的结果一致，表明苦豆碱的杀线活性最强，其ｌｏｇ（１／ＩＤ５０）（ｍｏｌ／棉球）＝８．６７，与文献中用同样方法测定的对松材线虫杀线活性的其它７种双稠哌啶类生物碱的杀线活性相比较，它也是最强。本文提出了双稠哌啶类生物碱对松材线虫的杀线活性强弱主要受其分子结构中官能团对的类型及其中的官能团的类型控制的假说。根据这一假说，推测了具高杀线活性的生物碱的分子结构。

Nematicidal activity of aloperine, cytisine, N methylcytisine and matrine was bioassayed by the agar medium method and the cotton ball method. The corresponding results by the two methods showed that the nematicidal activity of aloperine was the strongest. Its log (1/ ID 50 )(mol/cotton ball)=8.67 was also the strongest in comparison with nematicidal activity of seven other quinolizidine alkaloids bioassayed by the same method in literature. A hypothesis that nematicidal activity of quinolizidine alkaloids is mainly determined by types of functional group pair and types of functional group in their molecular structures was proposed. Based on the hypothesis, the structures of alkaloids with strong nematicidal activity were predicted.