中国农村合作医疗制度变迁、特点与改革方向

China countryside cooperate medical system transferring,characteristics and reform trend

中国农村医疗保障制度,以合作医疗制度的发展为主线,经历了产生、发展、鼎盛、崩溃和复兴历程。研究中国农村医疗保障制度的变迁,具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。本文从上世纪30年代的自发的探索到本世纪的新型农村合作医疗制度的建立,回顾和比较了将近半个多世纪变迁历程,分析其变迁的原因,并在此基础上提出进一步改革的方向应该处理好"自愿"与"强制"、"本地化"和"流动性"以及"保大"与"保小"间的关系。

China’s rural medical security system have based on the development of cooperative medical system. It has experienced of the course of emergence, development, peak, collapse and revival.This article review and compare changes in the course of nearly half a century, analyzing the reasons for their change, On the basis of the direction of further reform should deal with ＂voluntary＂ and ＂mandatory＂,＂localization＂ and ＂mobility＂ and to ＂preserve the Great＂ and ＂ security small＂ relations.