城市规划中有关港口规划的法律问题

Port regulation’s legal problem in city planning

港口与城市之间存在密切的关系,港口规划与城市规划也紧密相关。在港口规划中引入民主、参与机制是法治化进程的必然要求。然而,我国目前港口规划存在着诸多法律问题。规划、审批机制错位、参与虚置及相关制度不健全(如环保、监督、责任机制不健全)等,这些问题的存在使得港口规划难以适应城市健康发展的需要,更不符合增进公民富祉的法治诉求。因此,应加强对港口规划的法律规制,通过严格控制规划权行使资格及权限,建立有效的参与机制、听证制度等使规划程序民主化,同时还应建立有效的救济机制以保护公民的权利免受其害。

The paper tries legal approaches to port planning. Port planning and urban planning are closely related. Introducing participatory mechanism to port planning is the requirement of democracy and the rule of law. However, there exist many problems in our current port planning laws. Such problems as planning approval mechanism mismatching, void participation and related institutions being not perfect （such as environmental protection, supervision, accountability mechanisms are not sound）, make it for port planning difficult to the healthy development of the city and the needs of citizens. Therefore, in order to the promotion of the rule of law, the paper suggests that port planning should be strengthened by strict control over planning power, establishing such effective mechanisms as participating and hearing to make the planning process more democratic, and establishing relieving system to protect human rights.