公共安全管理中的环境脆弱性研究概述

The review of environmental vulnerability studies in public emergency management

在突发事件的公共安全管理中,不仅需要研究灾害发生前的准备、灾害发生时的应对以及灾后的恢复重建工作,更要关注灾害减除(Mitigation)工作,而减少环境脆弱性则是灾害减除工作的主要内容之一,同时也是减少灾害的发生频率及其造成损失的关键步骤。作为公共安全管理的重要组成部分,环境脆弱性研究不仅要关注人类社会外部环境的脆弱性,更要关注人类社会自身的脆弱性;减小环境的脆弱性是防灾于未然的有效途径,其意义在一定程度上大于公共安全管理周期中的准备、应对和恢复阶段。

In the public safety management of the emergent events, the studies of preparedness before the disaster, response in the disaster and recovery after the disaster are needed to study, and the mitigation is also need to give more attention. Reduction of the environment vulnerability is the main content of the mitigation, which also is key task to reduce frequency of the disaster and the loss caused by disaster. Environment vulnerability studies as the most important part of the public safety management, focus on not noly environmen vulnerability out of our society but also vulnerability in human society. Reducing the environmen vulnerability is an effective approach to prevent disasters before their happened, which is batter than preparedness, response and recovery in a certain extent.