基层医院医务人员手卫生的现状及医院感染管理

Status of Hand Hygiene among Medical Staff in Grass-roots Hospitals and Administration of Hospital Infections

目的了解基层医院医务人员手卫生和洗手依从性的现状,研究手卫生与医院感染的关系,从而制定手卫生的管理对策。方法调查基层医院手污染情况、检测医务人员的手携带病原菌的种类,分析其原因。结果医院医务人员工作中洗手前细菌携带率为100.0%,洗手后细菌携带率为36.5%;携带病原菌有:金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、变形菌属、铜绿假单胞菌、产碱假单胞菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和肠球菌属等。结论手部污染是医院交叉感染的重要危险因素,必须加强医务人员的医院感染理念,重视手卫生的监督管理,提高对洗手的认知性和依从性,才能有效的杜绝由手传播的医院内交叉感染。

OBJECTIVE To understand the status of hand hygiene and hand-washing compliance in grass-roots hospitals and investigate the relation between hand hygiene and hospital infections to institute the administration strategy of hand hygiene. METHODS Hand contamination of medical staff in grass-roots hospitals was investigated. The species carrying were detected and the reason was analyzed. RESULTS The carrying rate of pathogenic bacteria before hand-washing was 100.0% while that after hand-washing was 36.50%. The pathogenic bacteria carrying included： Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli ,Dlebsiella pneumoniae , Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. alcaligenes, coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, etc. CONCLUSIONS The hand contamination is the important risk factor of cross infection. We should streng then hospital infections idea among medical staff, think highly of supervision of hand hygiene and enhance the recognition and compliance of hand-washing to eliminate effectively the cross infection transmitted through hands.