广州地区农产品中有机磷农药残留调查

Residues of organophosphorous pesticides in farm products in Guangzhou

采用国家标准方法气相色谱(GC)法进行分析,通过对蔬菜、水果、粮食中16种有机磷农药残留量的检测,了解有机磷农药在广州地区农产品中的残留及其分布情况。50份农产品样品中有机磷农药各组分总的检出率为96.0%,其中蔬菜、水果、粮食检出率分别为96.8%、100%、80.0%。50份农产品样品中有机磷农药各组分总的超标率为36.0%,其中蔬菜、水果、粮食超标率分别为41.9%、21.4%、40.0%,16种有机磷农药中以马拉硫磷的超标率最高,为32.0%。不同组分有机磷农药在农产品中的残留量,以杀螟磷的平均含量最高,为1308.7μg·kg^(-1),其次是辛硫磷和甲胺磷,分别为970.1μg·kg^(-1)和737.6μg·kg^(-1)。;因此应提倡合理使用农药,加强农药使用的引导和监管。

The contents of 16 kinds of organophosphorous pesticides （OPPs） were detected using the method of gas chromatography（GC） in vegetable, fruit and foodstuff so as to understand the residues and distribution of OPPs in farm products in Guangzhou. 50 samples were detected and 96.0% of the samples were found to be with OPPs residues. The detected rates were 96.8% for vegetable, 100% for fruit and 80.0% for foodstuff. The total exceeding rate for each component of OPPs in 50 samples was 36.0%, and the exceeding rate was 41.9%, 21.4% and 40.0% for vegetable, fruit and foodstuff. The highest exceeding rate of 32.0% was found in malathion among 16 kinds of OPPs. The residue of sumithion was detected to be 1308.7 μg.kg^-1, the highest average residue in OPPs in farm products, followed by phoxim and methamidophos, the residues of which were 970.1 μg.kg^-1 and 737.6 μg·kg^-1. It suggests that correct guidance and supervision in the application of OPPs in agriculture are necessary.