硝酸钠改良半咸水凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)池塘底质和水质的研究

USING SODIUM NITRATE IMPROVES THE QUALITY OF BOTTOM SOIL AND WATER IN BRACKISHWATER SHRIMP PONDS

采用在8口土池开展半咸水养殖凡纳滨对虾施用NaNO3对比实验的方法,进行了硝酸钠对半咸水对虾养殖池塘底质和水质的改良效果、机理及应用前景的研究。结果表明,NaNO3处理组显著提高了池塘底泥表层的氧化还原电位,显著降低了底泥的BOD5和可利用磷的浓度;显著降低了池塘水中的蓝藻相对密度;处理组的养殖成活率、产量和饲料系数分别比对照组显著提高8.2%、10.1%和降低9.2%(P<0.05);处理组养殖效益明显高于对照组,每公顷池塘养虾净增加收入人民币9765元;NaNO3的施用起到了有效改良池塘底质和水质的作用。因此,NaNO3的应用可为半咸水对虾养殖池塘底质和水质的改良开辟一个新的途径,具有一定的应用前景。

To study the effect, mechanism and potential application of adding sodium nitrate （NaNO3） for improving bottom soil and water quality in brackishwater shrimp ponds. The experiment included the treatment of NaNO3 as a soil oxidant, and compared with the blank control, was designed and applied in eight brackishwater earthen ponds of Pacific white shrimp （Litopenaeus vannamei）. In 125 days, 16 water quality indicators and eight bottom soil indicators were set and measured periodically. The results show that the treatment increased significantly the bottom soil redox potential, declined soil BODs and available soil phosphor concentration, reduced the blue-green algae relative density, and increased fish production and average survival rate at 10.1% and 8.2% respectively. The feed conversion ratio dropped by 9.2% （P〈0.05）, adding extra profit for about US$1400 per hectare. Therefore, NaNO3 treatment can improve bottom soil and water quality in brackishwater shrimp ponds, and will have a great prospect.