施用有机肥对土壤肥力的影响

Effects of application of manure on soil fertility

在潮棕壤上进行了5年的定位试验,研究不同有机肥用量对作物产量和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,施用有机肥处理与对照处理相比,施用有机肥有明显的增产和稳产作用。不施肥处理,除土壤全钾以外,土壤其他各项养分指标(C、N、P)均有所下降;施用有机肥能显著提高速效P、K养分含量和有机碳及全磷含量。5年时间,低量有机肥处理土壤碱解氮含量下降了9.19 mg/kg,说明低量有机肥并不能保证土壤氮的供给;中量有机肥处理土壤碱解氮含量略有上升,土壤全氮收支基本平衡;高量有机肥处理土壤碱解氮含量有明显增加,土壤全氮也有较大程度的盈余。

Effects of manure application rates on crop yield and soil fertility were studied on a five-year field experiment in an aquic brown soil. The results indicate that the manure application plays an essential role in increasing and stabilizing yield. Contents of total C, total N and total P are decreased in the control treatment while total K is not inceased. Contents of available P, available K, organic carbon and total phosphorus are increased significantly with the manure application. Soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content is decreased by 9.19 mg/kg in five years under the low manure rate which shows that the demand of nitrogen uptake could not be met, while that under the moderate manure rate is slightly increased. Content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen is significantly increased and a positive total N balance is observed at the high manure rate.