儿童鼻源性疾病就诊原因分析

Analysis of the causes of pediatric rhino-source diseases

目的分析鼻源性疾病就诊原因和临床特点。方法对2005年4月-2006年5月3588例鼻源性疾病的门诊病例进行回顾性分析，对其就诊原因、临床表现及与诊断间的相互联系进行探讨。结果诊断为鼻源性疾病的3588例患儿中，以鼻部症状为主诉就诊的为2090例（58．24％），主要包括鼻塞、流鼻涕、鼻出血及鼻痛；以非鼻部症状就诊的为1498例（41．76％），主要就诊原因依次为：睡眠呼吸暂停及打鼾（470例）、耳痛及耳漏（332例）、慢性咳嗽（145例）、头痛和头晕（138例）、咽部症状（133例）、反复下呼吸道感染（92例）。结论以非鼻部原因就诊，最终诊断为鼻源性疾病的患儿所占比例近半，对于一些儿内科等科室临床治疗效果不理想的患儿应警惕鼻源性疾病。

Objective To analyze clinical features of pediatric rhino-source diseases for reducing missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Method Data of 3588 children with rhino-source diseases seen from April 2005 to May 2006 were retrospectively analyzed in this study in order to disclose the relationship of etiological factor, clinical features and diagnosis. Result Among all these cases, 2090 complained of nasal discomfort including nasal obstruction, discharge, rhinalgia and epistaxis. However 1498 cases （41.76%） did not,of whom 470 cases had snoring and apnea, 332 cases of otalgia and otorrhea, 145 cases had chronic cough, 138 had headache and 92 had lower respiratory infection. Conclusion A high percentage of children who suffered from pediatric rhino-source disease did not develop nasal symptoms. Pediatric rhino- source disease should be considered for patients in whom the therapeutic effect is unexpectedly poor.