珠江口海域表层沉积物中重金属含量分布特征及其环境质量评价

Distribution and environment quality evaluation on heavy metals in surface sediments of Pearl River Estuary

分析了珠江口海域采集的12个表层沉积物样品重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg)的含量分布特征,并对其环境质量进行了评价。采用原子吸收法分析了Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd含量,采用冷原子吸收法分析了Hg含量。结果表明,表层沉积物中Cu、Zn含量较高,Cd、Hg含量较低;除Hg和Cd之外,其它各金属元素之间均呈现较明显的正相关关系,特别是Cu和Pb、Zn和Pb、Hg和Pb的相关系数在0.8以上,属于高度正相关;以第一类海洋沉积物质量标准评价时只有Pb不超标,以第二类标准评价时,只有Cu超标,可见,珠江口海域受Cu污染较为严重。

A preliminary study on five kinds of heavy metals including Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Hg of twelve samples were conducted and the environment quality was evaluated in the Pearl River estuary. Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd contents are determined by atomic absorption, Hg content is determined by cold atomic absorption. The results show that the contents of Cu and Zn is high, Cd and Hg is low. The relationship among Cu, Pb and Zn is the obvious positive correlation. The correlation coefficient of Cu and Pb, Zn and Pb, Hg and Pb are more than 0.8 and appear as high-positive correlation. Pb is not more than the criterion when the evaluation criterion is the first class ocean sediment quality criterion. Cu is more than the criterion when the evaluation criterion is the second class ocean sediment quality criterion. Therefore, Cu pollution is serious in the Pearl River estuary.