核武器与新中国60年发展历程

Nuclear Weapons and the Sixty-Year Course of Development in New China

从抗日战争时期的"原子弹是纸老虎"到20世纪50年代对"蘑菇云"的追逐,中国领导人对核武器态度的变化只发生在战术方面,而战略上的积极防御以及在国家安全诉求之外对民族复兴、外交独立、国际认可和尊重、追赶先进、实现现代化等多方面的诉求,才是这一过程中不变的主旋律,同时也是中国发展核武器的根本动因。从追逐"蘑菇云"的"革命国家"到积极参与防止核扩散的负责任大国,核武器对新中国60年发展历程的政治意义大于军事意义。

During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression Mao Zedong issued the famous statement that'atomic bomb is a paper tiger'and in the 1950s China began to try to see its own'mushroom cloud',however,the change in the attitude of the Chinese leaders towards nuclear weapons occurred only at the tactical level;at the strategic level,their principle of active defense and other pursuits outside the national security for the national rejuvenation,independent diplomacy,international recognition and respect,catching up the advanced countries,modernization never changed - they were the consistent main melody in the whole process and served as the motive force for China to develop nuclear weapons.Then China grew from a'revolutionary country'that was eager to see its own mushroom cloud into a responsible power that makes active efforts together with other countries to prevent nuclear proliferation.For New China nuclear weapons have played a role more political than military in the course of its sixty - year development.