论布莱尔“新工党”政府的社会福利制度改革

On the Social Welfare Reform by Blair's "New Labor" Government

布莱尔"新工党"政府自1997年上台以来以吉登斯的"第三条道路"政治理论为改革指导思想,以建设"第二代福利"为改革目标,对英国的社会福利制度进行全面、深刻的改革。通过比较发现,无论在改革的指导理念还是具体的政策措施方面,布莱尔"新工党"政府的社会福利制度改革都与"老工党"政府有着根本的区别,它更多地遵循与执行了撒切尔保守党政府所开创的社会福利改革思路。两者间的区别在于,布莱尔"新工党"政府修饰了撒切尔保守党政府社会福利改革较为激进的外表,使之更加符合英国人的传统习惯并更容易为他们所接受。

Since it took office in 1997, the Blair＇s ＂New labor＂ government, adopting Anthony Giddens＇ s ＂third way＂ political theory as the guiding ideology of reform, and with an aim of building ＂second generation welfare＂ in its reform, has conducted a comprehensive social welfare system in the United Kingdom. By comparison, it can be found that whether in the guiding philosophy of the reform or in specific policy measures, there is a fundamental difference in attitude between the ＂New Labor＂ government＇ s social welfare system and the ＂Old Labor＂ government. The basic difference lies in that the ＂New Labor＂ modified the radical factors in the reform carried by the Thatcher＇ s conservative government, making it more in line with British traditions and customs .